BT8402 - MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (Syllabus) 2017-regulation Anna University

BT8402 - MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (Syllabus) 2017-regulation Anna University

BT8402	MOLECULAR BIOLOGY	LPTC

3003

OBJECTIVES:

• Familiarize students with the cell and molecular biology of both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.
• This will be needed for any project work in modern biotechnology.
• By doing this course students will acquire basic fundamental knowledge and explore skills in molecular biology and become aware of the complexity and harmony of the cells.
• This course will emphasize the molecular mechanism of DNA replication, repair, transcription, protein synthesis and gene regulation in various organisms.

UNIT I	CHEMISTRY OF NUCLEIC ACIDS	9

Introduction to nucleic acids: Nucleic acids as genetic material, Structure and physicochemical properties of elements in DNA and RNA, Biological significance of differences in DNA and RNA. Primary structure of DNA: Chemical and structural qualities of 3’,5’-Phosphodiester bond. Secondary Structure of DNA: Watson & Crick model, Chargaff’s rule, X–ray diffraction analysis of DNA, Forces stabilizes DNA structure, Conformational variants of double helical DNA, Hogsteen base pairing, Triple helix, Quadruple helix, Reversible denaturation and hyperchromic effect. Tertiary structure of DNA: DNA supercoiling.

UNIT II	DNA REPLICATION & REPAIR	9

Overview of Central dogma. Organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes. DNA replication: Meselson & Stahl experiment, bi–directional DNA replication, Okazaki fragments, Proteomics of DNA replication, Fidelity of DNA replication, Inhibitors of DNA replication, Overview of differences in prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA replication, Telomere replication in eukaryotes. D-loop and rolling circle mode of replication. Mutagens, DNA mutations and their mechanism, various types of repair mechanisms.

UNIT III	TRANSCRIPTION	9

Structure and function of mRNA, rRNA and tRNA. Characteristics of promoter and enhancer sequences. RNA synthesis: Initiation, elongation and termination of RNA synthesis, Proteins of RNA synthesis, Fidelity of RNA synthesis, Inhibitors of transcription, Differences in prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription. Basic concepts in RNA world: Ribozymes, RNA processing: 5’-Capping, Splicing-Alternative splicing, Poly ‘A’ tail addition and base modification.

UNIT IV	TRANSLATION	9

Introduction to Genetic code: Elucidation of genetic code, Codon degeneracy, Wobble hypothesis and its importance, Prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes. Steps in translation: Initiation, Elongation and termination of protein synthesis. Inhibitors of protein synthesis. Posttranslational modifications and its importance.

UNIT V	REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION	9

Organization of genes in prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes, Hierarchical levels of gene regulation, Prokaryotic gene regulation –lac and trp operon, Regulation of gene expression with reference to λ phage life cycle.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES: By the end of this course, students should be able to:

• Describe the basic structure and biochemistry of nucleic acids and proteins and discriminate between them.
• Identify the principles of DNA replication, transcription and translation and explain how they relate to each other.
• Discuss clearly about gene organization and mechanisms of control the gene expression in various organisms.
• Articulate applications of molecular biology in the modern world

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Friefelder, David. “Molecular Biology.” Narosa Publications, 1999
2. Weaver, Robert F. “Molecular Biology” IInd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2003.
3. Karp, Gerald “Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments” IVth Edition, John Wiley, 2005.
4. Friefelder, David and George M. Malacinski “Essentials of Molecular Biology” IInd Edition, Panima Publishing, 1993.

REFERENCES:

1. Tropp, Burton E. “Molecular Biology: Genes to Proteins”. IIIrd Edition. Jones and Bartlett, 2008.
2. Glick , B.R. and J.J. Pasternak. “Molecular Biotechnology: Principles and Applications of Recombinant DNA” 4th Edition. ASM, 2010.