PY6201 - FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY (Syllabus) 2013-regulation Anna University

PY6201 - FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY (Syllabus) 2013-regulation Anna University

PY6201	FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY	LPTC

3003

OBJECTIVES:

• To develop understanding about the structure (gross and histology) and functions of various organs of the human body; describe the various homeostatic mechanisms and their imbalances of various systems; identify the various tissues and organs of the different systems of the human body and appreciate coordinated working pattern of different organs of each system

UNIT I	FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSIOLOGY, HOMEOSTASIS	7

Organization of the Human Body , Chemical Foundations – Atoms, Ions, Molecules, Bonds, Solutions, Classes of organic molecules; Physical Foundations – Morphology of the cell (plasma membrane, nucleus, cell organelles) Elementary tissues of the human body: epithelial, connective, Muscular and nervous tissues-their sub-types and characteristics, Cellular Transport – Intracellular movement, Intercellular movement, Movement of molecules across the plasma membrane, intercellular communication.

UNIT II	NERVOUS AND MUSCULO-SKELETON SYSTEM	12

Anatomy and physiology of brain, blood-brain barrier, spinal cord, structure and types of the neuron, synapses neurotransmitters, organization of spinal and cranial nerves, central and peripheral nervous system, autonomic nervous system, receptors membrane potentials – graded potentials and action potentials, physiology of vision, audition, olfaction, taste and skin; anatomy and physiology of muscular system, types of muscle tissue – skeletal, smooth, cardiac, contraction, muscle fibre regulation, Osseous system - structure, composition and functions of the Skeleton, classification of joints, types of movements of joints and their disorders

UNIT III	GASTROINTESTINAL AND RENAL SYSTEM	7

Anatomy and physiology of the gastrointestinal tract (secretion, motility, digestion and absorption), structure and function of the liver, spleen, gall bladder, pancreas; the renal system structure – Anatomy and physiology kidney; structure of the nephron and network of blood capillaries urinary tract, formation of urine, concentration of urine; regulation of acid- base balance; the chemical acid-base buffer systems of body fluids and disease conditions

UNIT IV	CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY SYSTEM	9

Anatomy and physiology of the heart, lungs, cardiac cycle; circulation of blood, heart rate, blood pressure, ECG and heart sounds, lymphatic vessel, systemic and portal circulation; vascular system – arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules. Anatomy of respiratory tract, mechanism and dynamics of respiration, lung volumes, transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide, disorders like cyanosis

UNIT V	ENDOCRINE AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM	10

Anatomy and physiology of Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and pancreatic hormones and disorders of these glands, endocrine control of growth and metabolism; pineal, thymus, testes, ovaries, structure and physiology of reproductive systems, sex hormones, physiology of fertilization, menstruation, menopause, spermatogenesis and oogenesis, pregnancy and parturition and clinical disorders

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Guyton, A.C. and Hall, J.E., “Textbook of Medical Physiology”, 11th Edition, Saunders, 2006.
2. Ganong, W.F., “Review of Medical Physiology”, 22nd Edition (A Lange Medical book series) McGraw – Hill (International Ed.) 2005.
3. Khurana, Indu, “A Textbook of Medical Physiology” Elsevier, 2006.
4. Johnson, L.R., “Essential Medical Physiology”, 3rd Edition, Academic Press / Elsevier), 2003.

REFERENCES:

1. Waugh, Anne and Allison Grant, “Ross and Wilson Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness”, 10th Edition, Churchill – Livingstone / Elsevier), 2006.
2. Carola, R., Harley J.P. and Noback C.R., “Human Anatomy & Physiology”, 2nd Edition, McGraw – Hill, 1992.
3. Vander, A.J., Sherman J.H. and Luciano D.S., “Human Physiology: The Mechanisms of Body Function”, 5th Edition, McGraw – Hill, 1990.