BT3401 Syllabus - Molecular Biology - 2021 Regulation Anna University

BT3401 Syllabus - Molecular Biology - 2021 Regulation Anna University

BT3401	MOLECULAR BIOLOGY	LTPC

3003

COURSE OBJECTIVES: The course aims to enable the students to

• By doing this course students will acquire basic fundamental knowledge and explore skills in molecular biology and become aware of the complexity and harmony of the cells.
• This course will emphasize the molecular mechanism of DNA replication, repair, transcription, protein synthesis and gene regulation in different Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.

UNIT I	CHEMISTRY OF NUCLEIC ACIDS	9

Introduction to nucleic acids: Nucleic acids as genetic material, Structure and physicochemical properties of elements in DNA and RNA, Biological significance of differences in DNA and RNA. Primary structure of DNA: Chemical and structural qualities of 3’,5’-Phosphodiester bond. Secondary Structure of DNA: Watson & Crick model, Chargaff’s rule, X–ray diffraction analysis of DNA, Forces stabilizes DNA structure, Conformational variants of double helical DNA, Hogsteen base pairing, Triple helix, Quadruple helix, Reversible denaturation and hyperchromic effect. Tertiary structure of DNA: DNA supercoiling.

UNIT II	DNA REPLICATION & REPAIR	9

Overview of Central dogma. Organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes. DNA replication: Meselson & Stahl experiment, bi–directional DNA replication, Okazaki fragments, Proteomics of DNA replication, Fidelity of DNA replication, Inhibitors of DNA replication, Overview of differences in prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA replication, Telomere replication in eukaryotes. D-loop and rolling circle mode of replication. Mutagens, DNA mutations and their mechanism, various types of repair mechanisms.

UNIT III	TRANSCRIPTION	9

Structure and function of mRNA, rRNA and tRNA. Characteristics of promoter and enhancer sequences. RNA synthesis: Initiation, elongation and termination of RNA synthesis, Proteins of RNA synthesis, Fidelity of RNA synthesis, Inhibitors of transcription, Differences in prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription. Basic concepts in RNA world: Ribozymes, RNA processing: 5’-Capping, Splicing-Alternative splicing, Poly ‘A’ tail addition and base modification.

UNIT IV	TRANSLATION	9

Introduction to Genetic code: Elucidation of genetic code, Codon degeneracy, Wobble hypothesis and its importance, Prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes. Steps in translation: Initiation, Elongation and termination of protein synthesis. Inhibitors of protein synthesis. Posttranslational modifications and its importance. Regulation of gene expression: lac- and trp-operon.

UNIT V	CELL DIVISION & CELL CYCLE	9

Cell division: Mitosis, Meiosis and Cytokinesis. Cell cycle: Methods in cell cycle analysis. Regulation of cell cycle – Cell cycle check points, molecules and mechanisms of cell cycle regulation. Cell cycle modulators.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

COURSE OUTCOMES: Upon completion of the course, students will be able to:

• Understand the composition, structure and characteristics of nucleic acids.
• Understand the chemical and molecular processes that occur in and between cells.
• Discuss clearly about gene organization and mechanisms of control the gene expression.
• Gain insights into the most significant molecular and cell-based methods to expand his/her understanding of biology.
• Comprehend the basic mechanisms of cell division and its status under proliferative and degenerative disorders.
• Articulate applications of molecular biology in the modern world.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Friefelder, David. “Molecular Biology.” Narosa Publications, 1999.
2. Weaver, Robert F. “Molecular Biology” IInd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2003.
3. Karp, Gerald “Cell and Molecular Biology : Concepts and Experiments” IVth Edition, John Wiley, 2005.
4. Friefelder, David and George M. Malacinski “Essentials of Molecular Biology” IInd Edition, Panima Publishing, 1993.

REFERENCES:

1. Cooper GM, Hausman RE. The Cell: A Molecular approach. 7th Edition, 2015.
2. Krebs JE, Goldstein ES, Kilpatrick ST. Lewin’s Essential GENES XII,12 th edition 2017.
3. Nelson DL, Cox MM. Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry. 6th Edition, 2012.
4. Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Morgan D, Raff M, Roberts K, Walter P. Molecular Biology of the cell, 6th Edition, 2014.
5. Lodish H, Berk A, MatsudairaP,Kaiser CA, Krieger M, Schot MP, Zipursky L, Darnell J. Molecular Cell Biology, 6th Edition, 2007.
6. Tropp, Burton E. “ Molecular Biology : Genes to Proteins”. IIIrd Edition. Jones and Bartlett, 2008.
7. Glick , B.R. and J.J. Pasternak. “Molecular Biotechnology : Principles and Applications of Recombinant DNA” 4th Edition. ASM, 2010.